Interesting and good article Beñi Agirre, appeared on http://www.nabarralde.com

Indeed, we are citizens of Navarre, in the basque country we live in the country and basque we decide. The theme is Z-PSOE and the reflection of an ordinary citizen, the difference in interpretation is abysmal.
 
First, who and how it has been decided that the will of Basque citizens will have to dilute next to the millions of votes cast down the Tagus? Clearly. Who? Those who do not recognize the existence of citizenship basque-Navarre and thus deny that as a people are subjects of democratic rights. How? With all the facilities and appliances accumulated hundreds of years of occupation and subjugation.
 
Secondly, are legitimate structures Franco-Spanish who departed in two and divided the State Navarro, the sole representative of the manifest will of the Basques? Answer: No, if we stick to the violent methods used for the occupation and subjugation of nature. Namely: year 1054, Ferdinand I send assassinate the monarch Navarre Garcia III of Navarra on the border with Castile-Leon, Atapuerca, as a result invade The Bureba. 1076 appropriation of Najera, the seat of the court of Navarre. 1154 Leonor sells Aquitaine. 1199 siege and surrender of Vitoria, a prelude to the invasion of Alava, Guipuzcoa and the Duranguesado. 1512 invasion of Navarre High and Low. On November 7, 1659 the Franco-Spanish monarchs sign on the island of Pheasants Irun of the treaty in the Pyrenees that has allowed until now the cooperation of the two states before any claim unit of the inhabitants of the north and south of the Pyrenees .
 
Thirdly, is peace possible? Of course. In the context of a European nation state has no value or sense the persistence of the old structures that were distributed territories based on their military power beyond the will of its inhabitants. The structuring of Europe will give birth to the recognition and respect for the self-determination of the tens of people that inhabit and equal for all of them, or fail. If triumphs Europe, the partition of the territories by the Basque Pyrenees and vascongados and Navarre will have no meaning. And permanent peace will come to repair the damage caused to basque-Navarre for centuries and with the mutual recognition of the peoples of the existence of the other.

Conclusive written Navarre lawyer, Thomas Urzainqui.

The beginning of the legal reduce
The Fuero Navarre San Sebastian after the conquest of Castile, is confirmed by
Alfonso VIII in Burgos on 6 August 1202, substantially the resolution holds
Same content that will later record confirmation of the Jurisdiction of the City of
Pamplona after the invasion, issued by King Ferdinand of Aragon and Castile governor,
Burgos also dated 4 August 1512. In both provisions, and other
Similar are the true origins of the so-called regionalism and its tax system,
As a waste of one’s own sovereignty, not on assumptions fabricated for political pacts
Justify the unequal political relationship between the State and dominated the dominator.
Previously at 1,076 on the death of Sancho IV of the Peñalen, tenente Eneko Lupiz Navarre, Lope Iñiguez his son and father-in-law of this Diego Alvarez, treacherously surrendered to Alfonso VI Castilla strengths Montes de Oca and La Rioja West, obtaining in exchange and the lordship Jurisdiction in part of these lands, whence arise Lopez de Aro. In 1,170, Again, Alfonso VIII of Castile handed fiefdom in the city court and noble Navarre Belorado of a Spanish nobleman which resulted in the impoverishment of the city, abandoning Merchants and money changers and emptying of the Jewish quarter. These cases are repeated in all Navarre western cities after the Spanish conquests were handed over to lofty In payment for their assistance in the military campaigns of invasion.
Hence the big difference between the ownership of land by local communities and
Fief on jurisdictional populations, imposed by Castilla in the occupied territories
Navarre. The same happened in the occupation of the land by military orders
Feudal, in the service of policy Castilian kings and Aragon in Barcelona -
Navarre Iberian system.
It cercenó the cusp of sovereignty
The conquest of the year 1,512 of the Upper and Lower Navarre, and previously reduced by the Corona de Castilla on 1200 1460, represents a profound transformation of the legal system, Reaching both to the institutions of public law and the private. On one hand,
Cercenó “manu militari” the height of the sovereignty of the legal system to replace it with Navarre The king of Castile, whose legislative policy always tried to impose through a viceroy Delegate, a Royal Council “reorganized” and infiltrated, a court Mayor and a House of Comptos controlled Castilians, the presence of the Inquisition and the Spanish army Occupation; being representative bodies: the courts, municipalities and towns or
Neighborhoods, minorados and on the defensive.
The new “status quo” policy, which imposes the King of Castile, resulting in social policy
Hibernation for the sovereignty of Navarre, to be subjected to a king of another state that
Impose its sovereignty, its legal system and its laws, the introduction of a counter -
Legal based on the strengthening and empowerment in the style of Spanish society
Class, senior officials and foreigners standing army, privileges for the
Nobility, in the field of taxation and in practice reduce the legal and blocking the
Development and regulatory evolution of the legal system itself.
The legal counter
The conquest of 1512 paralysed the process of modernization of the legal system that was
Underway, which led to a profound reversal in the reforms already consolidated, impeding its progress and realizing a real and reduce the counter,
Involved, as we shall see, tight control of Spanish, as well as the insertion of privileges
Modern Age feudal in full and in many cases until late in the Age Contemporary.
This counter started with the capitulation of Pamplona on July 24, 1512, which
Looking for the rapid brutal subjugation through threats and at the same time promises
That nothing would change, just under that Najera at 1,076 and 1,202 in San Sebastian. What That did not happen again, because as the power was settling Spanish institutions
Legal were subjected to a profound transformation and reduce the.
The reduced duty Reduce, in the dictionary Espasa, has the following meanings: to hold obedience to the Unruly, persuade or attract reason, moderation, arranged in the way of life or Bearing, settled for serious reasons to do one thing. While also wanted
Understand as collected or compiled. In short, reduced mainly has a meaning of
Subjected, controlled, restrained, reporting, according to the mentality of the era, this is the Condition that fits with the Fuero Reduced.
However, the reality of that legal text adopted after the conquest by the Courts
Navarre, but not enacted by the Spanish kings, which has always had a very high
Valuation for its quality legal and be a reflection of national law Navarre. Although it
Written in Spanish, removing the romance of Navarre and all the words I had in Basque
The Fuero General, his substance never liked the imperial Castile.
Reading the proemio del Fuero Reduced we remove doubts about what was meant in
Navarre by the prominence and real authority, which is so different from Castile and that was what they Produced both disgust: “constituted by the former kings found that those who were more Fair … “” needed to be fairer, more excellent than others under it
Chose “to which they were not provided if demand great treasures, or whether conquistasen Many states … After which many without regard desaforadamente run. “
Chapter I said: “As the kings should be elected.” “It was established by a Fuero
Navarre, to choose and raise king … “All this was impossible to swallow for spirits
Redomadamente absolutist and authoritarian.
The lawyer Juan Jose Otamendi, said that “the Fuero Reduced was more than a
Collection regulations; had a vital political background, pretending safeguarding
Law Foral attractive compared to a common law imposed by pugnaba. For
That same refused kings (Spanish) repeatedly punished. “
Mercedes Galan Lorda notes the existence of a fifth manuscript del Fuero Reduced
Showing significant changes with respect to other individuals, for-obviously
Adapt to the demands of the crown of Castile, as well, “in the form of the oath
Mutually become King and the Kingdom is mentioned joining Castile, and that the deal
Of the composition of the Court of the Kingdom Mayor omitted any reference to the mayors (Judges) of the same nature are in the Kingdom. “
Clash between Navarre and the Spanish Constitution
The Council of Castile dated April 24, 1533, after reading the Fuero Reduced,
Charles V advised that the laws of that Fuero some doubts as regards
To the “real prominence and authority.” Therefore the actual card through May 8, 1536
Charles V said that he refuses to sign “because it is appropriate to amend some laws him and Do other again. ” Once again on 16 April 1538 was carried by his advisers to Charles V “doubts that touch the real prominence and authority were sent last time,
Which even took off some. “
Systematic violations of the law and disregard Navarre
The Spanish viceroy Vespasian Gonzaga sent the following report to King Philip II against
Representative of the Parliament of Navarre, Pedro de Ollacarizqueta: “I understand that not desirable It was to anger V.M. With this and other business very impertinent “the lawyer that sends This Kingdom is a devil crouched and will importunating on Jurisdiction, which does not fit in the Corona de Castilla which is authorized and print and which has the force of law unless it cercenasen
Removing some of the chapters “person is cavilosa and brother of a judge to be found in
Council “which is a Miguel de Ollacarizqueta, whom I have indicated in the list that I sent,
Impassioned by the House Vandome (the legitimate King of Navarre), I say
Although I have not found that in Roncesvalles, when he came Vandome,
Accompanying the Queen Ms Elizabeth, which is in Heaven, being mayor of this Court, you Kissed the hand with others who are in this city, for whom the present governing the Regent, Because as has no letters, just grammar, and the Ollacarizqueta has very good, it
Arrima their views “would not inconvenience the earliest possible write SM
Mandándome that seeks arrest him because they intend to use him in the Kingdom. “
On 14 April 1574, the Viceroy informed Philip II not to “over to the Kingdom of what
Agreed to serve S.M. And usefulness of the Corona de Castilla. ” It hurts that its “
Real would like to prominence absorb. ” Prevents also against “Martin Sancho as
Amotinador of past cuts. ” In 1,576 graduates Olano informed Courts
Navarre on the complaint that made their representatives in Madrid (Otazu, Ollacarizqueta …)
“Kingdom that, as principal and being old and having served both MPA, which is not in scope So many years what the most dastardly village of Castile reaches as many times as they asked. “
The legal consuetudinización
The record of unilateral incorporation by Fernando “Catholic”, Administrator of the Kingdom of
Castilla, on 7 July 1515, “ordered that the things tocasen to cities and towns and
Places in the kingdom of Navarre and said neighbors of them now know from the
Council (Castilla) from the Queen said Ms Jeanne, our lady, and to administer justice
Of these towns, villages and places of this kingdom and the neighbours to them that they
Viniesen to seek from here forward, keeping the privileges and customs of this kingdom. “ In other words, From the outset made it clear that after the conquest is of Castile who governs Truth.
The visitors generally Inquisidores Castilians, (Valdes, Avellaneda, Fonseca, Castillo
Etc.). Developed the so-called “Laws visit” on the other hand were never considered by
Courts of Navarre as Laws of the kingdom.
Louis XIII of France at the head of a major military expedition came in Pau on 15
October 1620. The 19 decided that since and before the Reformation as the bishop of
Lescar direct the discussion of the States of Bearne.
Since 1,620, when Louis XIII decreed that the union to France, to 1,789, States
General Navarre constantly seek the restoration of the Kingdom. In 1,683 agreed
That “the kingdom of Navarre and France are different, different from each other, each of them  Must be governed by its laws without the core of a subject to the
Other. “
However, Navarre and Bearne with their Fueros, were not treated as more than a few
Provinces or kingdoms of the monarchies French and Spanish provinces and kingdoms that were made to a residual sovereignty consuetudinizada in practice political, administrative and
Court.

Impressive Gabirel Ezkurdia article in your blog: http://www.nabarralde.info/Republic_of_Navarre/

For some time, in some areas criticizes excessive optimism of those who believe in the boom times ahead. The barrage of biased news daily, and no less induced chronic hurry that characterize our daily life, in this “democratic” Valhala no less convinced of mass consumption narcotizante, impossible serene and profound analysis of the parameters that make political times. But despite that the forest disallows the clear, it is closer than ever.

And it is no less true, that indeed, the responsibility of the political actors and social agents of the Basque Country in the absence of coherent and radical proposals, which are not extremists, which converge with the wishes of the majority of Basque society, as reflected in countless studies demoscópicos, conspicuous by their absence today and deepens collective despair. The mediocre and logrera political leadership of the party allegedly abertzales and independence, continues to generate dynamic away towards pasotismo and delegacionismo resigned to many people and too powerless, and feed the existing framework of oppression. Yes, Oppression, Oppression capitalized.

That is also the key defining scientifically induced the current situation pastry, is the transmission of speech which systematically diluted the majority perception of a lack of freedom and oppression. “Do Liberarnos? What? Whom? “. “Nazi Germany was oppressive, the Franco too, but talk of Oppression today with how well we live…” clear and without oppression, repression nor will we not? Everything is a problem of limits “democratic” that “must be owned and internalized” by… Is subversive? Indeed, scales and questionable concepts or cold terms, rather than, experiences, feelings, beliefs, principles.

In this cold logic, behaviorism consumerist, welfare credit and democratic camelos allegedly have abducted thousands of people who have lost the notion of being oppressed, both socially and nationally. Neither the unions nor the parties abertzales worthy of legality exogenously imposed are as instruments of liberation. They part, defend, live for him, articulate, reform. Everything is measured. It is appropriate concepts, discarded others, transform, prostitutes. National rights, civil, union democracy, freedom… blah blah blah. They speak for the gallery respectively, for abducted more susceptible to the parish. But really, when cacareados rights are violated in a systematic way within the system and Order denying that the most naturally radical, extreme, Chitón! For what might happen. The “do not trouble goals” of the paradigmatic family model “apoliticismo organic Franco,” Alcantara version collectively.

Hence these goal posts is impossible Candidacy National Unified, or Aberri Eguna Unico National Initiative or any other articulation that allows activating a National Representation to address with determination the foundation oppressive denial of the Basque Country as a nation and the right of its people to decide their future, as momentous axis to overcome the current status quo imposed. Today it looks like a myth ask overcoming the partisanship interested in pursuing a convergence practice, which does not coalition!, Allowing unify the identity heterodox popular in a single hegemonic national voice that requires the recognition of and respect for Nation the popular will of its citizens in forums where appropriate. But soon we will see the end of this long cycle, clearly deslegitimado and exhausted, and new Europeans will concerning crucial influence on the political dynamics of national character which they arise.

An example overwhelming. The recent popular demonstration in the streets of Bilbao in pursuit of a national team itself, (there are spectacular indexes demoscópicos that talk about percentages close to 90%! Questioning definitely fallacious goeebelssiano speech and 50% of unionist / nationalist governing any discussed for years) is the paradigm of political actors who are incapable of articulating proposals consistent with the desires for independence majority, outside legal frameworks and electoral exogenous taxes, which distorted the map real and proportional representative of the citizenry. This chasm between players and arrecia popular participation, and we can see that in fact, is becoming increasingly necessary defendant and the generation of new dynamic to articulate that middle lane huge boost to the country towards recovery state. Learn from other processes such as the Slovenian and Estonian, for example.

Very few of the players mentioned so publicly questioned the lack of democratic legitimacy of the current framework, even knowing that behind the scenes there is a representative present imbalance huge correlation between the popular will, so far unexpressed in its entirety, and the context partial representation that delimits exogenous agents and the players themselves protagonists in the current status quo. Hence, systematic recourse to the end, and after tens of adjectives and epithets homologadores, to the idea of “conflict” to try to explain the various scenarios point to something as simple as the national liberation struggle (in the broadest sense of concept) of a community that feels oppressed since he was snatched away its legal political entity of its own. Today it is difficult to express freely these criteria because it is a trend perverse and manipulative mixing discussion of the diagnosis, evaluation of the methodologies, basically navy, but also civil disobedience is now criminalized, cancelling and spoiled the debate radical on the ground characterization of what is usually called “political conflict”.

Obviously from a perspective radically democratic, political and social transformation must have their weight in the diagnosis should result from a scientific observation of reality. Hence, the parameters liberators currently pose, since most areas that assume this diagnosis political, requiring a logical connection between references and historical rights of the entity sojuzgada and sociopolitical reality resulting from centuries of transformation, which I would certainly allows the articulation of the right to decide collectively by developing a process of self-determination. But until these parameters resolution so radically democratic are denied and repressed in the current scenario.

Both the French state as in the Spanish works the same cliché. “Everything within the Constitution, nothing outside.” Refused ( “Euskal Herria is a myth”) and reneging (Navarre was the CFN is today and is voluntarily Spain), which is not recognized any nation, it is not respected or groups or individuals because there are no outside be considered subjects of the Crown or the Republic. Without question the Magna Carta, you tolerated. Period. There is negotiated. Neither with “terrorists”, nor tolerated. As there exist the right to decide collective implausible and it will remind everyone that FF.AA are guarantors of National Unity as 500 years. 800 years later, 40 years of Francoism and 30 “democracy” and nothing new under the sun.

Indeed there are reasons for pessimism, a feeling that today acompleja large part of the people who yearn for a free Basque Country, Navarra politically, within the International Community. A malaise that distorts historically more positive options to overcome more than 500 years of loss of sovereignty of the state of Navarre.

Fifteen years ago in Eastern Europe was a gradual process recoveries state and processes independence. In a few years she spent a “framework unchangeable” at the international level, a dynamic process which again backbone so radically the political map of Europe. Today is the day that so sharp all analysts point to a parallel process in Western Europe. In the coming years we can see how the misnamed Stateless European nations, former European states subjugated, recovering statehood and become full-fledged actors at the European level. That is our train and we can not lose it.

The historical cycles, structural changes are meteóricos. In the twenty-first century, the technological revolution and globalization have created perverse dynamic but also new resources. Think what they have to change our personal lives in a half-decade. The amount of daily adjustments we make to live in this model based on communication, information. The communities have many new resources to activate, push, force. Many political changes have occurred in the past two decades! He ended the era of immovable, as mammoth. Small nations like ours have demonstrated that through relationships, mobilization, disobedience, it is possible parallelism… articulate new forms of collective organization.

Despite not systematic, oppressive depressing every day, there are elements exciting as ever. The international scene and the time are encouraging; resources as a people of the First World enormous. The Diaspora increasingly aware, thirst for compromise. There are more Basque than ever, national consciousness more than ever, more sense of identity, more pride, more symbols, more windows to know our true history, more economic power, more social activity, more cultural, technological, yet much capacity for mobilization , a lot of willingness to fight… and especially a key element: the modern independence movement defined from heterodoxy, it is inclusive, democratic and, above all, radically fleeing patrioteros exclusive concepts, chauvinistic and xenophobic.

By contrast in the twenty-first century bread-Spanish rancid nationalism, militarism, traditionalist, patriotero, blessed and violently imperialist far from being a drag historic recovers as ideological axis on the right neofranquista, and the secular and modern version set to eufemístico concept of constitutional patriotism, is a resource of the purest aesthetic unionism totalitarian human face, not ignores violence to ensure the sacred unity of the nation. The crisis is evident.

But what nation? Spain as a national project takes 500 years unfinished: without assimilation or extermination of nations Basque or Catalan not remain just a draft. There is a desire, it is a reality. Every day more evidence an identity crisis memorable spurs the return of speeches more rancid Bishops, monarchs or military. The Spanish FF.AA suffer a serious crisis of vocations and identity (more than a quarter of its members are foreign mercenaries), the symbol of the monarchy National Unity and the transition is more compromised than ever, and so a large number of indicators show that the artificial sense of identity references Spanish weaken despite efforts by nationalist imbue “fury torera” to the masses. An example was given about the pathetic episode of the recreation of a letter to the Spanish anthem, recently published and discarded. Some of the reactions reinforce inconsistency in the notion of Spain as a nation rooted.

Thus, in El País, just yesterday, JP Fusi, Professor of Contemporary History, a member of the jury that awarded the letter of Paulino Cubero, said it was difficult to accompany the anthem with a letter when the very idea of Spain as a nation is questioned part of the territory. “It’s much more difficult when there is a homogeneous nation, living moments of exaltation national,” he stresses. The exaltation Spanish is worrying in traffic jams, the Madrid-Barça or formula 1 “.

Others as Agustin Garcia Calvo librepensador, Spanish poet and playwright, suggests that “I do not think you find something really new because then it would be my anthem Madrid that it was a hymn to end all hymns,” and added “The national anthem already had a letter, which was used to highlight progress and the new regime, the future, and all that in the final analysis. Remember. “And after all, the current regime, the regime of money, the state entirely devoted to the movement of capital, continues exalting the same as the previous regime, as well as for purposes of elation that the future of Spain anthem was fine.

For historian Jose Alvarez Junco finding a letter please everyone seemed a heroic task because if we want to give substance to a hymn, if you do not want done something completely trivial, should achieve a political agreement among the vast majority of political forces and the general public about the common values. “Typically, such an agreement would be achieved in the past, at a time when founding the company, and now, but becomes a little outdated and a little alien to our values as it would be accepted.” But that agreement did not happen because the founding moments of the initial stages of modernity in Spain were very confrontational language, bloody, with no possibility of agreement between the factions.

Finally, the communicator Antonio Gutierrez-Ruby, founder of Ideograma, a company specialized in public communication and social thinks. “What seems essential is that in Spain there are different feelings in relation to the word and the concept Spain. “Then, those feelings, the better they are private and individual, which are not exposed to the full glare of publicity. Sing sing or not is to break that privacy. “

Reveladoras opinions that lay bare the broad debate that always wants to avoid Spanish nationalists denial of the existence of the Basque Country: the totalitarian idea that the unit Indivisible guaranteed by armed force is the only formula that has historically been able to use the political project to approach Spanish artificially to the constitution of an alleged Spanish nation with its own identity.

It really is that the drama: They are not, nor allow themselves to be, or rather: Not to be left for them trying to be.

Article Luis Mª Mtz Garate, member of the Nabarralde http://www.nabarralde.com

Focusing properly or pose a problem in the sense accurately adjust to the object, its unknowns and requirements, is more than halfway to achieving its resolution.The crossroads at which our society operates at the present stage requires precisely such an exercise of “focus the problem.” The data that we receive every day through the actions of the French and Spanish states regarding our people are not exactly prone to security, in the present or in the immediate future status of a firm with the free and full development of his personality at all levels: social, linguistic, cultural, economic.

Rather, they are foreign interests who set the roadmaps our company Cracked territorial administrative and politically, is bound to follow. Not raising, at this time, matters relating to the transportation or infrastructure such as airports, railways, roads and ports. Neither the linguistic and cultural, or social welfare in general as health, education and housing, or those affecting sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and industry. Less even those related to what is known, so small and superficial, as “political” (political parties, electoral campaigns, coalitions …)

I am going to focus on two issues that relate directly to the heart of any society claiming to be democratic. The first relates to freedom of expression and association. The second, that scourge of humanity that is torture.

The infamous macroproceso 18/98 has left the air vergüenzas the prevailing political regime in Spain. Well, almost everything has been said and written about the proceedings: lack of evidence, allegations generic complaints about arbitrary and sophistry that involves the entire match judicially, by coincidence the end (politicians), who carry out terrorist attacks and those without make and serve exclusively as a means of social mobilization, civil disobedience or insubordination. I will not repeat arguments; try to draw conclusions.

Recent episodes of torture and the nerve and chulería expressed by the political leaders of the security forces of the Spanish state that incurring consciously assume the clear contradictions and ratify show so even more naked the true face of its political regime.

The analysis of both realities we must lead to “focus the problem.” This is not “excesses” of the judiciary, in the first instance, or the executive, in the second. Rather, the raw expression of his comprehensive “non-democracy.” They are not “democratic deficits” are his total absence. And this is a fundamentally political issue.

Faced with this situation we should once and for all take on the need for separate us from the body decomposing which is the Spanish State, rebuild the unity of our society, take our ability as a political subject and ask, in all seriousness and with all the consequences , as a strategic objective access to the status of independent state, in Europe and throughout the world.

The characteristics of our society, especially its national consciousness distinct from Spain and France, allow us to define the project realistic this goal in a period not too long. Our political culture, heritage of the only independent state created by the Basques, Navarre, alive despite centuries of imposition and domination, is a first order for its achievement.

Some propose alternative, in theory also democratic, which would be the “conversion” of Spain, ie the State Spanish, French and of course, in a democracy as a confederal state with acceptance of the right to secede, with unequivocal recognition of the rights of expression and association, harassment, and criminal sanctions total eradication of torture. Personally I consider this option clearly unworkable. Our overwhelming minority population and the deep nationalism that permeates to the bone Spanish society make it more utopian and unrealistic policy to the achievement of our independence, in spite of relying on the Catalans as allies in this process. In any case, it is also possible, and desirable, coordinating efforts with them for emancipating our simultaneous release.

Moreover, claims partial, limited objectives, such as the “amnesty”, “stop the torture,” the “recognition” of political parties “outlawed” by the more than illegitimate regime that governs the state today Spanish, are ways to raise our conflicts, in my opinion, can only regain its profound sense of democracy through the realization of independent statehood itself as an immediate objective.

I think “focus the problem” is to give its political dimension in the international arena and raise our independence as a democratic achievement of the first order. Possibly the only one capable of ensuring our creative continuity and solidarity in the world. I think, also, to be radically political means to achieve it. Obviously, this battle should be resolved in a field unmarked by the interests of the states that we now control with all its legislation (laws parties or electoral systems, “for example), arbitrary regulation of rights, their systems educational and propaganda and its executive, but for the profound relationship of social forces. Of course, this strategy may be used also means that grants its own system, but is always aware of its limitations and the purposes for which they were created.

I believe that the longer the delay the debate and practice necessary for the achievement of the Republic of Navarre will be our most serious problems. And that democracy will be further away from Europe, including, of course, France and Spain.

Article Rekalde Angel, a member of Nabarralde on the page: http://www.nabarralde.com

I do not know whether described as interesting, fascinating or directly from the Kolda Zuazo short essay, “On the origin of the dialects of Basque” (Berria). I understand that for a layman like me in the art thoughts inspired by his reading lack of rigour and depth caused experts and specialists. However, it reveals our story in a reading between the lines, I think that the text of Zuazo comes to corroborate and bolster other lines of inquiry on our people (through the sociolinguistics, history, anthropology ..) illuminate areas darkened interests, and eras.

The fragmentation of the kingdom of Navarre

For summarize, in the face of traditional theory explaining the origin of the dialects of Basque in relation to the ancient tribes Basque (várdulos, autrigones, Vascon…) or the various Episcopal diocese, Zuazo argues that the drift dialect has a much more recent past . It is situated in the Middle Ages and is likely to emerge in parallel to the formation of the Basque provinces. The cuts basic structure of the Basque, in fact, coincide with the political boundaries interposed: “One of separating the Basque provinces of Araba, Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa of the Iparralde and Navarre, and another that separates the Basque Iparralde to that of Hegoalde. Perhaps the fragmentation of the Kingdom of Navarre is on the basis of both facts… “

The first evidence is concerned, therefore, the importance of political organization in the evolution of all kinds of circumstances and societal characteristics. Similarly, the consequences of wars. The political structure and the decisions of who detente power company created to your specifications. We knew so diffuse, but often seem to forget the evidence.

The loss of independence Basque forged in the kingdom of Navarre, had a profound impact on our collective reality. Right from the outset, from the first territorial losses from the fall in the regions of La Rioja or current Vascongadas.

Conversely, as a deduction obvious, we should assess how important was the existence of the State itself, basque, in our reality as a people (in conservation and power of Basque, in the culture works and is projected in the Basque community that endures through the centuries ..), and the effect of which has come with all the nuances you want to do this, so that we can exist as a reality collective differentiated.

Iruñea and Gasteiz

A second surprise of the test Zuazo, established from analysis of the emergence of hotbeds of dialects, is that if one of the core fundamental innovation is Iruñea obviously, the most important city in the Basque population in history, the second great nucleus or focus is Gasteiz, Basque influential another city, central and dynamic.

In fact, if Iruñea derives from the centrality of Basque in their dialects territorially larger (gipuzkera, nafarrera, lapurtera…), the origin of a dialect as powerful as the current Biscayan stands at Vitoria-Gasteiz: “The area action Gasteiz appears to extend beyond his province, Bizkaia, Deba Valley, La Rioja, and with less force, the counties of Urola and Goierri Gipuzkoa… “

This pattern explains the introduction of the different dialects, their reciprocal influences, his dynamism in some areas and stagnation in others.

As pointed out in the beginning, this language version is fascinating, real dynamics. Faced with an interpretation that provides dialects as realities Waterproof, archaic, for old (and obscure) internal forces, tribes or similar, here we discover a close political and social action. Inteligible. Nítida. Generated by people in their daily activities, under conditions that created the political framework (historical), which is located.

As Berger and Luckman would say, is the creation of social reality, in this case on an issue as intrinsic and fundamental to human nature as language, which in turn creates us, makes us and we use as a tool for transforming the world. Moreover, compared to the version sabiniana the country, which goes back to a language of villages and caves, it appears that the nuclei, the bowls that have shaped the Basque have been cities, the policy (of aggression on many occasions, domination, incidentally) and the social and economic activity.

There entrevemos the importance of political processes. In radiograph dialects Basques highlights routes, traffic flows, economy, cuts the borders, management of a territory under occupation and war. Also reconstitution of the social fabric (survival, life is regenerated), in its most active nodes, most influential. Who would say, in view of the sad situation of Basque in Iruñea (with the Mayor Barcina) or Gasteiz (where he never spoke Basque, in the words of so many enemies of this land), that these two cities have been at the core generator of the current wealth – Is residual existential? – the Basque dialects!

This reading is inferred, also, how much we need the restoration of political sovereignty, freedom (economic, administrative, educational…), independence, in short, and territorial integrity, without borders, for reconstituirnos, to live free and develop ourselves collectively, as a society, as distinct culture. The wounds of history, as seen in the radiograph dialects, are deep, and remain for centuries, while disguising its origin and we erase the memory.