News on the language of Navarre in Tudela (1535)

Great article Erlantz Urtasun, on the language of Navarre in Tudela, after the Spanish invasion.

Year 1535. As historian Mari Puy Huici after the Spanish conquest military Navarre was put under a harsh occupation army, which would remain as such in Strictly speaking for more than one hundred years. After 1512, the resistance of Getze, and Amaiur Hondarribia, independence Navarre south of the Pyrenees was over. Pedro Lopiz zamorano was an emigrant who had resided in Tudela ten years, ie Came when the war was over, and settled in the beautiful riverside capital, in the city Ebro. It was “albéitar”, or to put it another way, veterinarian, a profession important at the time, As apart from its military role transport were made through chivalry. Peter, and ambitious man with godfathers and influences, opositó primary for the office to which an Veterinarian could achieve in Navarre. What was protected by the Spanish Emperor Charles V, Although the Courts and brotherhoods of Navarre preferred another candidate and brought him to trial. In the lawsuit, which was collected in a voluminous written record preserved in the records generally Navarre, what happened can be read by those dates. It is an invaluable testimony, A mirror of life in Navarre for almost five hundred years, customs, habits, the way Life, concerns, interests. According to the papers, Pedro had to defend Lopiz Numerous witnesses who testified against him. The reasons for denying their worth Post veterinarian who chose were: “as a veterinarian is malísimo” “Womanizer”, “empedernido player cards” and “do not know Basque.” The statements Made under oath and were signed by witnesses who knew or by writing Write in his name. The references to the poor quality in his work, his many lovers, debts everywhere, Nights in sailing before playing cards in different locations Navarre jugándose until the eyebrows and Having as a noble fellow officers and senior church, as well as prostitutes Company reflect the character of the zamorano. In short, a sinvergüenza care. But What interests us are the words of the four witnesses who confirmed the importance of Navarre Tudela language in those years and how Pedro Lopiz could not achieve that because By ignoring the lingua navarrorum. ” And here’s the key, is believed to zamorano useless to the square because Tudela year 1535 was necessary to know the Basque and he “neither speaks nor understands it.” Witnesses believed logical Should have learned that, despite being in New Jersey and bring ten years living in Tudela, Full Ebro River, in full Bardena, in the extreme south of Navarre. The burden that sociolinguistics Carry the words of witnesses is chilling to understand the situation of Language. In other words, this lawsuit enables us to discover that in Tudela, after the Spanish conquest, lived People who speak only Spanish, others that dominated Spanish and Basque and also People who only spoke in Basque and Spanish that they did not need in their daily lives, So living in Tudela in Basque and not learned Spanish. Statements by witnesses What is astonishing about the statements of witnesses is that the Basque Monolingual Tudela not seem concerned about not knowing English, but unaware Basque is a problem for Peter Lopiz a problem in general for those outside Emigrant Spanish, and even bilingual witnesses indicate that the solution is none other than Learn “the language of the land”. “Johan Guerrero neighbour in the town of Tudela, approximately 55 years old, is true that Pedro Lopiz neither knows nor understands Basque, because although many times have never spoken with him Has been talk or say any word in Basque and Spanish because they will not know Basque because it is not given to the Basque Castilians. “Pedro delizondo, veterinarian neighbor in the town of Tudela, about 36 years, says Peter Lopiz not speak or understand Basque and not know nor understand from talking to Bascongados person who has seen him declare romance in what the bascongado told Not understand otherwise. “Pedro de Petillas (Pitillas as its signature), labrador neighbor Tudela of some 28 years, says Peter Lopiz not speak or understand Spanish Basque because it is natural and Pedro Lopiz own because it has been heard, to explain that when some bascongados You go home to heal their animals is a lot of work for not entenderles and that Entenderles usually find an interpreter and that this work happens, and for that reason it could very Well able to speak for the Basque going to his house. “Finally, Pedro de Caparroso labrador neighbour in the town of Tudela, about 40 years old, also declared Briefly on the matter, not bringing anything new to the previous ones. Space for reflection Is Johan Guerrero, a neighbor of Tudela the year 1535, was a bilingual, and may prefer Use before the Spanish Basque? In fact, he said, was not Peter Lopiz Euskaldun because between them they had never spoken language in Navarre. Another bilingual Pedro Delizondo, he spoke in Spanish Pedro Lopiz, but when in a group that talked Had euskaldunes desconocedores Castilian, Pedro Lopiz needed an interpreter. In This group, the view is, had euskaldunes monolingual, bilingual and Pedro Lopiz. Well Well, the Spanish Basque who did not know they had no problem, the Spanish They are not sobreponía. In other words, the problem was not who knew Basque. We talk about Tudela in 1535. For his part, the young farmer Pedro de Petillas knew sign, were literate. One day, Zamorano Pedro Lopiz explained his concern: Basque and did not know this, in his work, was Negative. Anyone who did not know English was not going to the home of the veterinarian with an interpreter, with a Bilingual kia, the problem did zamorano. It was assumed that I had to learn Basque, and he It is precisely the advice of the young Pedro de Petillas: Lopiz learn Basque. Something you Seemed logical, clear, enforceable language profile to work in Tudela in the sixteenth century. What is still not officially accepted in, for example, health or advocacy for any place Foral community, read well, anywhere, on the other hand was seen by logical for Tudela Their own neighbours in 1535. What was then the situation of the language in Navarre? Sometimes it is Notes, in some history books, the topic that sees the Basque language as something strange in the Ribera. By contrast, many data such as that demonstrate the use and defense of Language of Navarre by the inhabitants of the banks of the Ebro throughout its history.